The following briefs are for cases to be heard by the Supreme Court in April 2009. They will be posted on a rolling basis. To see briefs for Unscheduled cases during this term, or to return to the main Briefs page, use the Argument Date Menu below.

Merit briefs

• Brief of Petitioner Republic of Iraq
• Brief of Respondent Jordan Beaty, et al. (in 07-1090 only)
• Brief of Respondent Robert Simon, et al. (in 08-539 only)
• Reply Brief of Petitioner Republic of Iraq

Amicus briefs

• Brief for the United States of America in Support of the Reversal
• Brief for James S. Vine, et al. in Support of Respondents (in 08-539 only)
• Brief for the Center for Justice & Accountability in Support of Respondents(in 08-539 only)
• Brief for Plaintiffs in Peterson v. Islamic Republic of Iran, CA 01-2094 (RCL), 01-2684 (RCL) in the United States District Court for the District of Columbia in Support of Respondent(in 08-539 only)
• Brief for St. Mary's University School of Law Center for Terrorism Law, the Honorable Joe Sestak, Member of Congress, and Distinguished American Former High Level Military Officials in Support of Respondent(in 08-539 only)
• Brief for Dr. Stephen Neale in Support of Respondent(in 08-539 only)
• Brief for Dr. Louis Fisher and Dr. Robert J. Spitzer in Support of Respondent(in 08-539 only)
• Brief for Eleven Members of Congress, the Washington Legal Foundation, Veterans United for Truth, the National Veterans Organization of America, and Allied Education Foundation in Support of Respondent
• Brief for the Human Rights Committee of the American Branch of the International Law Association in Support of the Affirmance(in 08-539 only)
• Brief for Tortured American Prisoners of War in Support of the Affirmance(in 08-539 only)

Merit briefs

• Brief for Petitioner Thomas C. Horne, Superintendent of Public Instruction of the State of Arizona (in 08-289 only)
• Brief for Petitioner Speaker of the Arizona House of Representatives and President of the Arizona Senate( in 08-294 only)
• Brief for Respondent State of Arizona and the Arizona State Board of Education (in 08-289 only)
• Brief for Respondent Miriam Flores, Individually and As Parent of Miriam Flores, Minor Child; Rosa Rzeslawski, Individually and As Parent of Mario Rzeslawski, Minor Child; State of Arizona and the Arizona State Board of Education, and Its Members In Their Official Capacities
• Reply Brief for Petitioner Thomas C. Horne, Superintendent of Public Instruction of the State of Arizona (in 08-289 only)
• Reply Brief for Petitioner Speaker of the Arizona House of Representatives and President of the Arizona Senate( in 08-294 only)

Amicus briefs

• Brief for Pacific Legal Foundation and Evergreen Freedom Foundation in Support of Petitioner
• Brief for the American Unity Legal Defense Fund, English Language Political Action Committee, ProEnglish, and the Center for Equal Opportunity in Support of Petitioner.
• Brief for the Eagle Forum Education & Legal Defense Fund, Inc., in Support of Petitioner
• Brief for the Washington Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
• Brief for the Mountain States Legal Foundation, in Support of Petitioner( in 08-289 only)
• Brief for Education-Policy Scholars in Support of Petitioner (in 08-294 only)
• Brief for the American Legislative Exchange Council and Certain Individual State Legislators in Support of Petitioner
• Brief for Educational Policy and Finance Scholars in Support of Respondent (in 08-294 only)
• Brief for the National School Boards Association, the American Association of School Administrators, the National Education Association, and the Arizona Education Association in Support of Respondent
• Brief for the Washington Lawyer's Committee for Civil Rights and Urban Affairs Immigrant and Refugee Rights Project, DC Language Access Coalition, and the Latin American Youth Center in Support of Respondent
• Brief for the Asian American Justice Center, National Council of La Raza, et al., in Support of Respondent
• Brief for the United States of America in Support of Respondent
• Brief for Civil Rights Organizations in Support of Respondent
• Brief for the Tucson Unified School District, Mesa Unified School District, Sunnyside Unified School District, Tempe Elementary School District and the Phoenix Union High School District in Support of Respondent
• Brief for Asian American Legal Defense and Education Fund, et al., in Support of Respondent
• Brief for the NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund, Inc., National Senior Citizens Law Center, National Health Law Program, and New York Lawyers for the Public Interest in Support of Respondent
• Motion for Leave to File Brief of Amicus Curiae Out of Time and Brief of 30 Recognized Leaders of Education Research in Support of Neither Party

Merit briefs

• Brief for Petitioner Safford Unified School District; # 1; Kerry Wilson; Husband; Jane Doe Wilson, Wife; Helen Romero, Wife; John Doe Romero, Husband; Peggy Schwallier, Wife; John Doe Schwallier, Husband
• Brief for Respondent April Redding, legal guardian of minor child
• Reply Brief for Petitioner Safford Unified School District; # 1; Kerry Wilson; Husband; Jane Doe Wilson, Wife; Helen Romero, Wife; John Doe Romero, Husband; Peggy Schwallier, Wife; John Doe Schwallier, Husband

Amicus briefs

• Brief for the National School Boards Association, and the American Association of School Administrators in Support of Petitioner
• Brief for the United States of America in Support of Reversal
• Brief for The Urban Justice Center, Asian American Legal Defense and Education Fund, Advocates for Children of New York, and The National Youth Rights Association, in Support of Respondent
• Brief for The National Association of Social Workers and Its Arizona Chapter, the National Education Association, the National Association of School Psychologists, the American Society for Adolescent Psychiatry, and the American Professional Society on the Abuse of Children in Support of Respondent
• Brief for The Rutherford Institute, Goldwater Institute and the CATO Institute in Support of Respondent

Merit briefs

• Brief for Petitioner United States, ex rel., Irwin Eisenstein
• Brief for Respondent City of New York, Michael Bloomberg, John Doe, Jane Doe
• Reply Brief for Petitioner United States, ex rel., Irwin Eisenstein

Amicus briefs

• Brief for Taxpayers Against Fraud Education Fund in Support of Petitioner
• Brief for Patricia Haight and In Defense of Animals in Support of Petitioner
• Brief for the United States of America in Support of Respondent

Merit briefs

• Brief for Petitioner Frank Ricci, Michael Blatchley, Greg Boivin, Gary Carbone, Michael Christoforo, Ryan Divito, Steven Durand, William Gambardella, Brian Jooss, James Kottage, Matthew Marcarelli, Thomas J. Michaels, Sean Patton, Christopher Parker, Edward Riordan, Kevin Roxbee, Timothy Scanlon, Benjamin Vargas, John Vendetto and Mark Vendetto
• Brief for Respondent John DeStefano, Karen Dubois-Walton, Thomas Ude Jr., Tina Burgett, Boise Kimber, Malcom Weber, Zelma Tirado and the City of New Haven,
• Reply Brief for Petitioner Frank Ricci, Michael Blatchley, Greg Boivin, Gary Carbone, Michael Christoforo, Ryan Divito, Steven Durand, William Gambardella, Brian Jooss, James Kottage, Matthew Marcarelli, Thomas J. Michaels, Sean Patton, Christopher Parker, Edward Riordan, Kevin Roxbee, Timothy Scanlon, Benjamin Vargas, John Vendetto and Mark Vendetto

Amicus briefs

• Brief for the Concerned American Firefighters Association, Philadelphia Chapter in Support of Petitioner
• Brief for Kedar Bhatia in Support of Petitioner
• Brief for the CATO Institute, the Reason Foundation, and the Individual Rights Foundation in Support of Petitioner(reprint)
• Brief for the Pacific Legal Foundation and the Center for College Affordability and Productivity in Support of Petitioner
• Brief for Joe Oakley, et al., in Support of Petitioner
• Brief for the Center for Individual Rights, The Center for Equal Opportunity and The American Civil Rights Institute in Support of Petitioner
• Brief for National Association of Police Organizations in Support of Petitioner
• Brief for Mountain States Legal Foundation in Support of Petitioner
• Brief for the Claremont Institute Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence in Support of Petitioner
• Brief for Bridgeport Firefighters for Merit Employment in Support of Petitioner
• Brief for the Eagle Forum Education and Legal Defense Fund in Support of Petitioner
• Brief for the American Civil Rights Union in Support of Petitioner
• Brief for the New York Law School Racial Justice Project in Support of Respondent
• Brief for the NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund in Support of Respondent
• Brief for the States of Maryland, Alaska, Arkansas, Iowa, Nevada, and Utah in Support of Respondent
• Brief for the Society for Human Resource Management in Support of Respondent
• Brief for the International Association of Black Professional Fire Fighters, Black Chief Officers Committee, James Clack, Rocco Forte, Sherman George, Ned Pettus, Paul Stubbs, Robert Wright, Kyle Brink, Ph.D., Jeffrey Crenshaw, Ph.D., and Brian Bellinger, Ph.D., in Support of Respondent (in 07-1428 only)
• Brief for the American Civil Liberties Union, the Mexican American Legal Defense and Education Fund, and LatinoJustice PRLDEF in Support of Respondent
• Brief for the Lawyers Committee for Civil Rights Under Law, the National Urban League, and the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, and the Equal Justice Society in Support of Respondent
• Brief for the Opportunity Agenda in Support of Respondent
• Brief for the National Partnership for Women & Families and the National Women's Law Center in Support of Respondent
• Brief for Industrial-Organizational Psychologists in Support of Respondent
• Brief for the International Association of Hispanic Firefighters and Bridgeport Hispanic Firefighters Association in Support of Respondent
• Brief for the International Municipal Lawyers Association, the National League of Cities, the National Association of Counties, and the International Public Management Association for Human Resources in Support of Respondent
• Brief for the Asian American Justice Center, the Asian American Institute, and the Asian Law Caucus, et al., in Support of Respondent
• Brief for the Equal Employment Advisory Council in Support of Respondent
• Brief for the Anti-Defamation League in Support of Neither Party
• Brief for the United States of America in Support of Vacatur and Remand

Merit briefs

• Brief for Petitioner Manoj Nijhawan
• Brief for Respondent Eric H. Holder, Jr., Attorney General of the United States of America
• Reply Brief for Petitioner Manoj Nijhawan

Amicus briefs

• Brief for the Asian American Justice Center, the Asian American Institute, the Asian Law Caucus, the Asian Pacific American Legal Center, and the National Council of La Raza, et al., in Support of Petitioner
• Brief for the American Civil Liberties Union, the American Immigration Lawyers Association, the Asian Law Caucus, Florence Immigrant and Refugee Rights Project, the Florida Immigrant Advocacy Center, the Immigrant Defense Project, the National Immigration Law Center, the National Immigration Project of the National Lawyers Guild and the Northwest Immigrant Rights Project in Support of Petitioner
• Brief for the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers in Support of Petitioner
• Brief for Akio Kawashima and Fusako Kawashima in Support of Petitioner

Merit briefs

• Brief for Petitioner David Bobby
• Brief for Respondent Michael Bies
• Reply Brief for Petitioner David Bobby

Amicus briefs

• Coming soon!

Merit briefs

• Brief for Petitioner Forest Grove School District
• Brief for Respondent T.A.
• Reply Brief for Petitioner Forest Grove School District

Amicus briefs

• Brief for the New York State School Boards Association in Support of Petitioner
• Brief for the National Education Association in Support of Petitioner
• Brief for City of New York in Support of Petitioner
• Brief for the U.S. Conference of Mayors, the National Conference of State Legislatures, the National Association of Counties, International City/County Management Association, and the International Municipal Lawyers Association in Support of Petitioner
• Brief for Council of the Great City Schools in Support of Petitioner
• Brief for the National School Boards Association, the American Association of School Administrators, and the National Association of State Directors of Special Education in Support of Petitioner
• Brief for the Council of Parent Attorneys and Advocates in Support of Respondent
• Brief for the United States of America in Support of Respondent
• Brief for the Disability Rights Legal Center, the Learning Rights Law Center, Public Counsel, Children and Adults with Attention Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder, and the California Association for Parent-Child Advocacy in Support of Respondent
• Brief for the National Disability Rights Network, the Protection and Advocacy Agencies of Alaska, Arizona, California, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, the Northern Mariana Islands, Oregon, and Washington, New York Lawyers for the Public Interest, and Advocates For Children Of New York in Support of Respondent
• Brief for Autism Speaks in Support of Respondent

Merit briefs

• Brief for Petitioner Andrew M. Cuomo, In His Official Capacity as Attorney General for the State of New York
• Brief for Respondent the Clearing House Association, L.L.C.
• Brief for Federal Respondents
• Reply Brief for Petitioner Andrew M. Cuomo, In His Official Capacity as Attorney General for the State of New York

Amicus briefs

• Brief for the Comptroller of the City of New York in Support of Petitioner
• Brief for the Connecticut Fair Housing Center in Support of Petitioner
• Brief for the Lawyers’ Committee For Civil Rights Under Law, the National Fair Housing Alliance, and the NAACP Legal Defense And Educational Fund, Inc. in Support of Petitioner
• Brief for the Center for Responsible Lending, AARP, the National Consumer Law Center, U.S. Public Interest Research Group, the National Association of Consumer Advocates, South Brooklyn Legal Services, the Consumers Union, Public Citizen, New York City's Department of Consumer Affairs, and the Consumer Federation of America in Support of Petitioner
• Brief for the National Governors Association, the National Association of Insurance Commissioners, the National Conference of State Legislatures, the National Association of Counties, the National League of Cities, International City/County Management Association, the U.S. Conference of Mayors, and the International Municipal Lawyers Association in Support of Petitioner
• Brief for the States of North Carolina, Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, District Of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin and Wyoming in Support of Petitioner
• Brief for the American Association of Residential Mortage Regulators in Support of Petitioner
• Brief for the Conference of State Bank Supervisors in Support of Petitioner
• Brief for the National Association of Realtors in Support of Petitioner
• Brief for the Members of Congress in Support of Petitioner
• Brief for the North American Securities Administration Association, Inc., in Support of Petitioner
• Brief for the Financial Services Roundtable in Support of Respondent
• Brief for the United States Chamber of Commerce in Support of Respondent
• Brief for All Former Comptrollers of the Currency Since 1973 in Support of Respondent
• Brief for American Bankers Association, the Consumer Bankers Association, Alabama Bankers Association, Alaska Bankers Association, Arizona Bankers Association, Arkansas Bankers Association, California Bankers Association, Colorado Bankers Association, Connecticut Bankers Association, Delaware Bankers Association, Florida Bankers Association, Georgia Bankers Association, Hawaii Bankers Association, Heartland Community Bankers Association, Idaho Bankers Association, Illinois Bankers Association, Indiana Bankers Association, Iowa Bankers Association, Kansas Bankers Association, Kentucky Bankers Association, Maine Association of Community Banks, Maryland Bankers Association, Massachusetts Bankers Association, Michigan Bankers Association, Minnesota Bankers Association, Mississippi Bankers Association, Missouri Bankers Association, Montana Bankers Association, Nebraska Bankers Association, Nevada Bankers Association, New Hampshire Bankers Association, New Jersey Bankers Association, New Mexico Bankers Association, New York Bankers Association, North Carolina Bankers Association, North Dakota Bankers Association, Ohio Bankers League, Oklahoma Bankers Association, Oregon Bankers Association, Pennsylvania Bankers Association, Asociacion de Bancos de Puerto Rico, Rhode Island Bankers Association, South Carolina Bankers Association, South Dakota Bankers Association, Tennessee Bankers Association, Texas Bankers Association, Utah Bankers Association, Vermont Bankers Association, Virginia Bankers Association, Washington Bankers Association, West Virginia Bankers Association, Wisconsin Bankers Association, and Wyoming Bankers Association in Support of Respondent

Merit briefs

• Brief for Appellant Northwest Municipal Utility District Number One
• Brief for Appellee Travis County
• Brief for Federal Appellee
• Brief for Intervenor-Appellees Texas State Conference of NAACP Branches, Austin Branch of The NAACP, and Nathaniel Lesane
• Brief for Intervenor-Appellee Rodney and Nicole Louis, et al., Lisa and David Diaz, et al., Angie Garcia, et al., and People for the American Way
• Reply Brief for Appellant Northwest Municipal Utility District Number One

Amicus briefs

• Brief for the Scharf-Norton Center for Constitutional Litigation and the Goldwater Institute in Support of Appellant
• Brief for the Southeastern Legal Foundation in Support of Appellant
• Brief for the Mountain States Legal Foundation in Support of Appellant
• Brief for the Pacific Legal Foundation, the Center for Equal Opportunity, and Project 21 in Support of Appellant
• Brief for Georgia Governor Sonny Perdue in Support of Appellant
• Brief for Dr. Abigail Thernstrom and Former Justice Department Officials in Support of Appellant
• Brief for the Constitutional Accountability Center in Support of Appellees
• Brief for the Brennan Center for Justice at NYU School of Law in Support of Appellee (reprint)
• Brief for the Asian American Legal Defense and Education Fund, American Citizens for Justice, the Asian American Bar Association of Greater Chicago The Asian American Bar Association of New York, the Asian American Lawyers Association of Massachusetts, Asian American Lead, the Asian American Society of Central Virginia, Asian Community Development Corporation of Boston, the Asian Pacific American Agenda Coalition, Asian the Pacific American Bar Association of the Greater Washington, DC Area, the Asian Pacific American Bar Association of Pennsylvania, the Asian Pacific American Labor Alliance, the Asian Pacific American Legal Resource Center, the Asian Pacific Islander American Vote, the Cambodian Association of Greater Philadelphia, the Chinese American Voters Association, Chinese Progressive Association, the Coalition of Asian Pacific Americans of Virginia, Filipino American Human Services, Inc., the Korean American League for Civic Action, the Korean American Resource & Cultural Center, the Korean American Voters’ Council of NY & NJ, Korean Community Service Center of Greater Washington, DC Maryland Vietnamese Mutual Association, MassVOTE, the Muslim Bar Association of New York, the National Asian Pacific American Women’s Forum, the National Korean American Service & Education Consortium, the North American South Asian Bar Association, OCA, One Lowell, One Nevada, the Philadelphia Chinatown Development Corporation, Providence Youth and Student Movement, The Sikh Coalition, South Asian Americans Leading Together, South Asian Bar Association of Michigan South Asian Bar Association of New York, South Asian Youth Action!, Vietnamese American Initiative for Development, the Vietnamese American Young Leaders Association of New Orleans, and YKASEC - Empowering the Korean American Community in Support of Appellee
• Brief for the Civil Rights Clinic at Howard University School of Law in Support of Appellee and Intervenor-Appellees
• Brief for Nicholas deB Katzenbach, Drew S. Days, III, John R. Dunne, Brian K. Landsberg, Bill Lann Lee, J. Stanley Pottinger, James P. Turner in Support of Appellee
• Brief for the Leadership Conference on Civil Rights and the LCCR Education Fund, et al., in Support of Appellee (reprint)
• Brief for the American Bar Association in Support of Appellee
• Brief for Julius Chambers, Armand Derfner, James U. Blacksher, Anita Earls, Robert Mcduff, Edward Still, Ellis Turnage, Cynthia Mccottry Smith, Bernard R. Fielding, Marjorie Amos-Frazier, Lee H. Moultrie, Southern Echo, and Democracy North Carolina in Support of Appellee
• Brief for Jurisdictions That Have Bailed Out Under the Voting Rights Act in Support of Appellee
• Brief for Former Republican Officeholders in Support of Appellee
• Brief for Barbara Lee, Member of Congress and Chair of the Congressional Black Caucus, Nydia Velazquez, Member of Congress and Chair of the Congressional Hispanic Caucus, and Michael Honda, Member of Congress and Chair of the Congressional Asian Pacific American Caucus, et al., in Support of Appellee
• Brief for Alaska Native Voters and Tribes in Support of Appellee
• Brief for Members of the Texas House of Representatives in Support of Appellee
• Brief for the Honorable Congressman John Lewis in Support of Appellee and Intervenor-Appellee
• Brief for the Navajo Nation, Anthony Wounded Head, Sr., Ivan Starr, Oliver J. Semans, Sr., and Dan McCool, in Support of Appellee
• Brief for Reps. John Conyers, Jr., F. James Sensenbrenner, Jr., Jerrold Nadler, and Melvin L. Watt, and Former Rep. Steve Chabot in Support of Appellee
• Brief for the Asian American Justice Center, the Asian Pacific American Legal Center of Southern California, the Asian American Institute, and the Asian Law Caucus, et al. in Support of Appellee
• Brief for the States of North Carolina, Arizona, California, Louisiana, Mississippi and New York in Support of Appellee
• Brief for the Honorable Bob Riley, Governor of the State of Alabama in Support of Neither Party
• Brief for Nathaniel Persily, Stephen Ansolabehere, and Charles Stewart III in Support of Neither Party