American Bar Association Inside Practice
January 2007: Volume 6, Issue 1

Utilize Tigar's Elements of Style in the Courtroom

Omit needless words, unless forced by your opponent and the court to use them, and only then after making it clear that you would rather do without them. The following is a partial list of phrases that should be stricken from your vocabulary. If you find yourself using them, even in practice sessions, stop and think.

  • “Directing your attention to,” followed by a place or time.
  • “Did there come a time when . . . ?”
  • “What, if anything, happened next?” This device is used so you don’t lead the witness by suggesting the answer. Nonsense. Something happened next, the laws of physics say. It’s probably a dumb question in any case.

More information about the book Examining Witnesses, Second Edition

Excerpted from Examining Witnesses, Second Edition
By Michael Tigar

ABA Section of Litigation

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